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T. R. MORGAN, Sr STEAM HAMMER.

No. 538,840. Patented May 7, 1895.

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' T. R. MORGAN, Sr.

STEAM HAMMER. No. 538,840. Patented May '7, 1895.

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' T. R. MORGAN, Sr.

STEAM HAMMER.

No. 538,840. Patented May '7, 1895.

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T. R. MORGAN, Sr.

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w E :W W U Ii kwi UNITED STATES PATENT Erica.

THOMAS R. MORGAN, SR, OF ALLIANCE- OHIO, ASSIGNOR OF THREE- FOURTHS TO THOMAS R.'M ORGAN, JR, JOHN R. MORGAN, AND VVIL- LIAM H. MORGAN, OF SAME PLAOE.

STEAM-HAMMER;

SPECIFICATION forming part of LettersiPatent No. 538,840, dated May 7, 1895.

Application and August 22,1894. saanno. 521,011. (Nomodeld To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS R. MORGAN, Sr., of Alliance, in the county of Stark and. State of Ohio, haveinvented certain new anduseful Improvements in Steam-Hammers; and I do hereby declare the following to be afull, clear, and exact description of the invention,- such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to an improvement in steam hammers, the object being to provide improved meansfor cushioning the up stroke of the piston of the hammer, whereby contact between the cylinder head and piston is prevented and all danger of breakage to either avoided. I

My invention consists in certain details in construction and combinations of parts as will be more fully described and pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings,Figure 1 isa view in side elevation of'the upper section of a steam-hammer embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a viewin section of same. Fig. 3 is a side view of a modified form, and Fig. 4 is a view in section thereof.

Patent No. 125,976, granted to me April 25, 1872, discloses a piston cushioned in its up stroke by a bumper pin extending through the cylinder head and resting against a spiral or other metal spring, rubber or any kind of a fibrous packing such as hemp: While this arrangement was an improvement over the ordinarry hammer, it was open to the objection that as the bumper pin was forced upwardly against the yielding packing the latter was compressed and the greater the compression the greater the resistance against the piston, thusproducing more or less shock to the cylinder head and piston. With my present device I dispense altogether with springs or packing and employ an independent cylinder and piston the latter having a bumper pin to engage the hammer piston, and'a steam inlet leading from the steam generator to the cushion cylinder above the piston whereby the cushion piston is subjected to a uniform pressure irrespective of its position in the cylinder.

A represents the cylinder of a steam hammer and B the piston therein. Attached to, and upon the top of cylinder A is a detachable cylinder head B provided centrally with an opening for the passage of the bumper pin a, and with a cavity opening outwardly and upwardly for the reception of packing in and gland c. The packing around the bumper pin prevents the escape of steam from the hammer cylinder and being applied from the top of the cylinder head permits the gland and packing to be removed and replaced without (listurbing the cylinder head. Cast integral with the head 0, or secured thereto are two or more (preferably two) upright stand ards D strengthened by ribs d. These standards and ribs support the cushion cylinder E, and may be integral with said cylinder or cylinder head or secured thereto as desired. This cushion cylinder is provided with a removable upper head 6, and may if desired be provided with a removable lower head, but in the present instance is provided with a lower head integral therewith. This lower head is provided with an opening for the passage of the bumper pin it and with a recess or cavity on its lowerouter face for the reception of the packing a and gland o. By packing both cylinders on their adjacent or outer faces it will be seen that the packing can be replaced in a few minutes without removing anything but the glands.

Located within the cushion cylinder E is the piston F carrying the bumper pin a, which latter passes through the lower head of the upper cylinder and the upper head of the lower cylinder and projects sufficiently far into the latter to centrally engage the piston B,a sufficient distance from the head 0 to cushion and gradually check the movement of the piston before it reaches the limit of its up stroke and hence prevents it from coming in contact with the head O.

Communicating directly with the upper portion of cushion cylinder E is the'steam pipe G which supplies steam at boiler pressure to the cylinder above piston F and consequently holds the bumper pin win its lowest position. The piston F is slightly smaller in diameterthan piston B and hence will at first yield under the pressure of the latter, but as the latter nears the limit of its up stroke steam is cut oifand the momentum checked without shock by the bumper pin.

To permit of the escape of steam or water which might leak around the piston in the cushion cylinder, I have provided the drain pipe 9 which leads from the lower end of cushion cyiinder to the outer air or to a suitable drain.

In Figs. 3 and 4 I have dispensed with the standards D and ribs dthus bringing the cushion cylinder well downon the head of the hammer cylinder. With this construction but one packing is necessary. As it is secured in a cavity formed in the inner face of the head, it is necessary to remove the head and cushion cylinder, in order to remove or tighten the bumper pin packing.

With either of the constructions described it will be seen that when from neglect or any other cause the hammer piston B is given steam sufficient to carry it against the cylinder head, the piston is caused by the yielding pressure of the bumper pin to slow up suffieiently so that if it should strike the force would be so slight that no injury could result.

Itis evident that numerous slight changes and alterations might be resorted to in the relative arrangement of parts herein shown and described without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention. Hence I would have it understood that I do not wish to restrict myself tothe exact construction herein shown, but,

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a steam hammer the combination with a hammer cylinder having a head at its upper end and a piston in said cylinder, of a cushion cylinder above the piston cylinder, a

piston located in said cushion cylinder and provided with a bumper pin the latter passing through apacking in the head of the hammer cylinder and a steam pipe leading to said cushion cylinder above the piston therein, substantially asset forth.

2. In a steam hammer the combination with a hammer cylinder, and piston therein, of a cushion cylinder above the piston cylinder, a piston located in said cushion cylinder and provided with a bumper pin the latter passing through the head of the hammer cylinder, a steam pipe leading, to said cushion cylinder above the piston therein,and a drain pipe leading from said cylinderbelow the piston, substantially as set forth.

3. In a steam hammer the combination with a hammer cylinder and piston therein, of standards projecting upwardly from the upper head of said cylinder, a cushion cylinder on said standards, a piston in said cushion cylinder, a bumper pin passing through the adjacent heads of the two cylinders a steam pipe for admitting steam to the cushion cylinder above the piston, and glands secured to said heads from the outside as shown.

4:. In a steam hammer, the combination with a hammer cylinder and piston therein, of standards projecting upwardly from the upper head of said cylinder, a cushion cylinder on said standards, a bumper pin passing through the adjacent heads of the two cylinders, a steam pipe for admitting steam to the cushion cylinder above the piston and a drain pipe leading from the cushion cylinder below the piston substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS H. MORGAN, SR.

\Vitnesses:

W. H. RAMSEY, A. O. STRONG. 

